drill、exercise、practice、training与discipline都有“练习、训练、锻炼”之意。
drill : 侧重进行有系统的，严格和重复的练习，尤指军事训练。
- In some of these schools, army-style drills are used to instil a sense of discipline.
这些学校中有一些利用军训来培养纪律观念。 - a spelling/pronunciation drill
拼写／发音练习
exercise : 主要指为强壮体魄而进行的锻炼，也可指进行练习以保持已经获得的技巧。
- Swimming is my favourite form of exercise.
我最喜欢的锻炼方式是游泳。 - You really should take more exercise.
你真的应该多进行体育锻炼。 - I do stomach exercises most days.
大多数时候我做锻炼腹肌的运动。
practice : 指把所学的理论或知识用于实践以获得技艺与技巧。
- I need to get some more practice before I take my driving test.
考驾照前我还得再练练。 - Are you coming to choir practice this evening?
今晚的合唱训练你来吗？ - She's never at home because she spends all her free time at hockey practices.
她从来都不在家，因为她把所有的空闲时间都用在练习曲棍球上了。 - You'll gradually get better at it - it's just a question of practice.
你慢慢会更熟练的——这只是个练习问题。 - I'm a little out of practice (= I haven't had any recent experience) but I'd love to play.
我最近没怎么练习，但我愿意参加。 - Do you mind if I have a few practice shots before we start the game?
开赛前我练几下投篮你介意吗？
training : 普通用词，泛指为从事某种职业而进行的身体或智力方面的训练。
- a training course
培训课程 - a teacher-training college
师范学院 - New staff have/receive a week's training in how to use the system.
新员工要接受为期一周的计算机使用培训。
discipline : 既可指训练又可指为达到某种熟练程度而进行的约束。
- parental/military/school discipline
父母的训导／军事训练／校规 - There should be tougher discipline in schools.
学校的纪律应该更严一些。 - I don't have enough (self) discipline to save money.
我总是控制不住自己花钱的欲望。
