五、文化事业和文化产业不断发展
V. Constant Development of Cultural Undertakings and the Cultural Industry
文化发展的核心是满足人的精神文化需求。中国政府支持新疆努力提高公共文化服务水平，促进文学艺术创作和新闻出版繁荣进步，增强文化产业实力，保障公民文化权利，丰富各族人民精神文化生活。《中华人民共和国公共文化服务保障法》《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》《中华人民共和国电影产业促进法》等法律法规为保障新疆各族人民基本文化需求，提供公共文化服务，促进文化产业发展提供了重要法治保障。
The core of cultural development is to satisfy people's cultural and intellectual needs. The Chinese government has given steady support to Xinjiang in its efforts to improve the quality of public cultural services, promote progress in literary and artistic creation and the press and publishing, strengthen the cultural industry, protect citizens' cultural rights, and enrich the cultural life of all ethnic groups. The Law of the People's Republic of China on Protection of Public Cultural Service, Law of the People's Republic of China on Public Libraries, and Law of the People's Republic of China on the Promotion of the Film Industry among others have served as important legal guarantee to protect the basic cultural needs of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang, provide them with public cultural services and promote the development of its cultural industry.
公共文化服务水平日益提高。1955年，新疆有1个公共图书馆、各类体育场地425个。在中央政府大力支持下，近年来，新疆实施“县级文化馆、图书馆修缮工程”“文化信息资源共享工程”“乡镇综合文化站工程”等一系列文化基础工程。截至2017年，新疆有公共图书馆112个、博物馆和纪念馆173个、美术馆57个、文化馆119个、文化站和文化室12158个，有各级各类广播电视台（站）302个，广播和电视人口覆盖率分别达到97.1%和97.4%，有体育场地29600个，形成了相对完整的各级公共文化服务体系。
The quality of public cultural services is improving. In 1955, there were only 425 sports venues and one public library in Xinjiang. With the massive support of the central government, successive cultural projects have been launched in Xinjiang such as "conservation and renovation project of county-level cultural centers and libraries", "cultural information sharing project" and "township cultural centers project". By the end of 2017, Xinjiang had 112 public libraries, 173 museums and memorial halls, 57 art galleries, 119 cultural centers, 12,158 cultural stations, 302 radio and television stations (covering 97.1 percent and 97.4 percent of the population, respectively), and 29,600 sports venues, representing a comparatively complete public cultural service system at all levels.
新疆积极推进城乡公共文化服务均等化。文化馆、图书馆、博物馆、乡镇（街道）文化站等公共文化设施免费向社会开放。基本实现户户通广播电视。农村电影放映实现行政村全覆盖。财政安排资金支持为贫困乡村提供戏曲等多种形式的文艺演出。广泛开展全民阅读活动，农家书屋工程覆盖所有行政村。截至2017年，共举办13届自治区运动会、8届少数民族传统体育运动会、5届老年人运动会、6届残疾人运动会。村级“农牧民体育健身工程”实现全覆盖。新颖多样的健身器材在边远乡村普及，丰富有趣的体育比赛和健身活动深受各族群众欢迎。
Xinjiang has made efforts to ensure equal access to public cultural services for both urban and rural residents. Public cultural facilities such as cultural centers, libraries, museums and cultural stations are open to the public for free. The radio and television network covers almost every household. Movie projection is available in all administrative villages. Theatrical performances of various types are given in impoverished villages with the support of government funds. A reading campaign is encouraged by ensuring full coverage of rural libraries over all administrative villages. By the end of 2017, 13 sports meetings, eight traditional ethnic minority sports meetings, five games for senior citizens and six games for disabled people had been held in Xinjiang. Fitness projects for farmers and herdsmen cover all villages. Gym equipment of all sorts is available even in remote villages. Rich and interesting sports events and fitness activities are popular with people of all ethnic groups.
文学艺术创作和新闻出版持续繁荣。新疆文学艺术佳作纷呈，生动展现了中华文化魅力。小说《天山深处的“大兵”》、诗集《神山》、散文集《在新疆》、文学评论集《西部：偏远省份的文学写作》、油画作品《来自高原的祈福——5·19国家记忆》、摄影作品《风雪人生》、话剧《大巴扎》、舞剧《阳光下的舞步》《戈壁青春》、歌舞剧《情暖天山》、音乐剧《冰山上的来客》、音乐杂技剧《你好，阿凡提》、歌曲《屯垦爹娘》、广播剧《马兰谣》和电影《大河》《鲜花》《真爱》《生死罗布泊》《塔克拉玛干的鼓声》等一批文学艺术作品获得精神文明建设“五个一工程”奖、鲁迅文学奖、中国电影华表奖等国家级奖项，杂技《生命之旅》《抖杠——担当》等获得国际杂技节金奖。2006年，成立新疆广播影视译制中心，相继在11个地、州和伊宁市、莎车县、库车县、于田县建立电视译制部。目前，少数民族语言影视剧年译制量达6200集左右。中华人民共和国成立前，新疆仅有2种报纸。截至2017年，新疆共有报纸126种，期刊223种，每年出版图书、音像制品和电子出版物约1万种。
Literary, artistic creation, press and publishing are booming. A variety of brilliant works of literature and art created in Xinjiang demonstrate the glamour of Chinese culture. The following have all won national prizes such as the Best Works Award, Lu Xun Literary Prize, China Movie Awards, and the first prize in International Acrobatic Festival:
·Soldiers from the Snow Mountain (novel),
·Holy Mountain (poetry anthology),
·In Xinjiang (collection of prose writings),
·Western China: Literary Writing in Remote Provinces (collection of literary review),
·Praying on Plateau, Chinese Mourning Day on May 19th (oil painting),
·Braving the Storm (photography),
·Grand Bazaar (drama),
·Dance Steps in the Sun and Young Blood in Gobi Desert (dance drama),
·A Uygur Mother and Visitors on the Icy Mountain (musical),
·Hello, Advanti (musical and acrobatic drama),
·My Parents Stationing and Reclaiming Wasteland in Xinjiang (song),
·A Nuclear Scientist's Story in the Desert (radio play),
·The Great River, Flower, Genuine Love, Life and Death in Lop Nor, Taklimakan's Drumbeat (movie).
·Travel of Life (acrobatic show),
·Somersault on Balance Beam (acrobatic show).
In 2006, Xinjiang Radio, Film and Television Translation and Production Center was set up, establishing branches in 11 prefectures, Yining City, Shache, Kucha and Yutian counties. Currently, about 6,200 episodes of translated ethnic film and television programs are being produced every year. There were only two newspapers in Xinjiang before the founding of the People's Republic of China. But by the end of 2017, Xinjiang had 126 newspapers, 223 periodicals, and publishes around 10,000 titles of books, audio and video products and electronic publications every year.
文化、体育和民族医药产业实力逐步增强。目前，新疆有文化企业1万余家，已形成门类较为齐全的文化产业发展体系，涵盖新闻出版发行、广播影视、演艺、文化娱乐、游戏、文化旅游、工艺美术、艺术品、动漫、文化会展、创意设计、数字文化服务等领域。截至2017年，有国家级文化产业示范基地6家，自治区级文化产业示范基地109家，获得国家认定的动漫企业11家，建成各类文化产业园区20家；有国家5A级景区12家，导游17000人。文化及旅游产业增加值逐年增长。
Strength in cultural, sports and ethnic medicine industries is growing. At present, Xinjiang has over 10,000 cultural companies covering press, publishing and distribution, radio, film and television, performances, entertainment, games, cultural tourism, arts and crafts, artwork, animation, cultural exhibitions, innovation design and digital cultural services. By the end of 2017, there were six model bases for cultural industries at national level, 109 at autonomous region level, 11 government-approved animation companies, 20 cultural industry parks, 12 national 5A tourist attractions and 17,000 tourist guides. The added value of the cultural and tourist industries is growing every year.
成立一批职业体育俱乐部，体育竞赛与表演市场日趋活跃。环塔克拉玛干汽车摩托车越野拉力赛、中国篮球职业联赛新疆区比赛保持较高市场化运作水平。以中国国际露营大会、国际沙漠越野挑战赛、环艾丁湖摩托车赛、环赛里木湖公路自行车赛等为代表的体育休闲市场日趋成熟。赛马、冰雪运动、航空体育产业发展潜力巨大。
A group of professional sports clubs have been set up, with sports competitions and sports show flourishing. The Taklimakan Rally is a commercial success and China Basketball Association (CBA) in Xinjiang is doing well. The sports leisure market is maturing as demonstrated by the success of the China International Camping Congress, International Desert Cross Rally, Aydingkol Motorcycle Rally, and Sayram Bicycle Rally. Huge potential is also apparent in horse racing, winter sports and aviation sports.
新疆已形成中华医药（含民族药）、医疗机构制剂、食品（含保健食品）、医疗器械和药用包装材料等门类较为齐全的医药健康产业体系。其中维吾尔医药、哈萨克医药、蒙医药等少数民族传统医药历史悠久，是中华文化瑰宝，许多药材被纳入国家标准和国家相关标准化研究项目。新疆民族医药销售产值占制药行业销售总产值比重逐年提高；民族医药企业的产品在不断开拓国内市场的同时，还销往周边国家和地区，进入国际市场。
Xinjiang has formed a complete industrial system of medicine and health covering Chinese medicine (including ethnic medicine), hospital-made preparations, foods (including health foods), medical equipment, and packaging for medicines. Among ethnic medicines, many Uygur medicines, Kazakh medicines, and Mongolian medicines - boasting a long history and regarded as cultural treasures - have been categorized under national standards or included in national standardization research projects. The sales of ethnic medicines in Xinjiang's pharmaceutical industry are increasing year by year, and ethnic medicine companies are expanding sales not only in domestic markets, but also in neighboring countries and regions as an effort to enter the international markets.
网络文化蓬勃发展。随着互联网在中国的不断发展，近年来，互联网越来越成为新疆各族人民学习、工作、生活的新空间，获取公共服务的新平台。截至2017年，新疆备案网站11520家，固定宽带用户达569.9万户，移动互联网用户达1855.8万户。微信公众平台“最后一公里”用户遍及全国所有省、自治区、直辖市和几十个国家、地区。先后实施争做中国好网民、艾德莱斯网络引领、网络融情等工程，开展“网络中国节”“我是一颗石榴籽”“艾德莱斯出天山”等系列网络文化活动30余项，示范带动新疆各地开展各类网络文化活动7000余项。2017年，新疆本地消费者网购零售额达569.1亿元，比上年增长29.8%。蓬勃发展的网络文化引领了向上向善的社会风尚。
Internet culture develops rapidly. The rapid development of the internet in China has made it the new space for people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang to study, work and live, and a new platform to access public services. By the end of 2017, Xinjiang had 11,520 registered websites, 5.7 million fixed broadband subscribers, and 18.56 million mobile internet users. The subscribers on the official WeChat platform "Last Kilometer" extend across all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government and dozens of countries and regions. Over 30 internet cultural projects such as "making a good netizen", "Etles Silk from Tianshan to the World" and "video programs on ethnic solidarity" launched more than 7,000 online cultural activities across Xinjiang. In 2017, online retail sales to Xinjiang consumers reached 56.91 billion yuan, an increase of 29.8 percent over 2016. The prosperity of Xinjiang's internet culture helps to foster healthy social morals.
