这些前置词或短语均含“除……之外”之意。
besides : 着重于指另外还有。
- She won't mind if you're late - besides, it's hardly your fault.
她不会因你迟到而耿耿于怀——何况这并不是你的错。 - Do you play any other sports besides basketball?
除了篮球外，你还从事别的体育活动吗？
but : 侧重指不包括在内。
- Eventually, all but one of them promised to come to his birthday party.
最后，除了一个人外，他们都答应来参加他的生日聚会。 - He's anything but violent (= not violent in any way).
他一点也不粗暴。 - I would have crashed the car but for your warning.
要不是有你的警告，我早就把汽车撞坏了。 - This is the last episode but one (= one before the last) of the series.
这是这部系列剧的倒数第二集。 - She's one of those guests who does nothing but complain.
她是那种只知道抱怨的客人。 - This car has been nothing but trouble - it's always breaking down!
这辆汽车哪儿都有毛病——老是坏！
except : 侧重于排除在外，从整体里减去。可与but换用，但语气较强。
- The museum is open daily except Monday(s).
博物馆除周一外每天都开放。 - The government has few options except to keep interest rates high.
政府除了保持高利率外，几乎没有其他的选择。 - It's cool and quiet everywhere except in the kitchen.
除了厨房，别的房间都很凉爽安静。 - Everyone was there except for Sally.
除了萨莉，大家都在那儿。 - There is nothing to indicate the building's past, except (for) the fireplace.
除了壁炉外，再没有什么地方可以表明这幢房子的历史了。
except for : 多用于在说明基本情况或对主要部分加以肯定，还引出相反的原因或细节，从而部分地修正前面的主要意思，含惋惜意味。
- Everyone was late, except for Richard.
除了理查德，其他所有人都迟到了。 - Apart from [ Except for] a few grammatical mistakes, this composition of yours is well written.
除了几处语法错误之外，你这篇作文写得不错。 - I sold everything I owned except for my car and my books.
我把我所有的东西都卖掉了，只剩下汽车和书。 - She sipped the wine. Everything was hazy now, except for Nick's face.
她小口地抿着酒。现在一切都变得模糊起来，除了尼克的脸。
