这些动词的共同含义是“喊”或“叫”。
cry : 一般指因恐惧、痛苦、惊奇等而喊叫。
- "Watch out!" she cried.
“当心！”她叫道。 - She ran to the window and cried for help.
她跑到窗口呼喊救命。 - ‘You're safe!’ Tom cried in delight.
“你安全啦！”汤姆高兴地大声说道。
shout : 指有意识地高声喊叫，常用于提出警告、发命令或唤起注意等。
- Dad really shouted at me when I broke the window.
我打碎了窗户后，父亲冲我大吼大叫。 - He shouted abuse at the judge after being sentenced to five years' imprisonment.
被判5年监禁之后，他大声辱骂法官。 - The fans were screaming and shouting out the names of the band members.
歌迷们不住地尖叫着，大声喊着乐队成员的名字。 - I shouted at him to put the gun down.
我大叫着要他把枪放下。 - "Stop this childish nonsense at once!" he shouted furiously.
“马上停止这种孩子气的胡说八道！”他怒不可遏地吼道。
exclaim : 多指因高兴、愤怒、痛苦、惊讶等突发感情而高声喊叫。
- "You can't leave now!" she exclaimed.
“你现在不能离开！”她大叫道。 - "Nonsense!" he exclaimed in disgust.
“废话！”他充满厌恶地大声喝道。 - She exclaimed in delight upon hearing the news.
她听到这个消息高兴得叫了起来。
roar : 指发出大而深沉的声音、吼叫或咆哮。
- The crowd roared.
人群一片喧哗。 - The fans roared (out) their approval.
崇拜者大声叫好。 - ‘Stand back,’ he roared.
“靠后站。”他吼道。 - We could hear the lions roaring at the other end of the zoo.
我们可以听到狮子在动物园的另一端咆哮。
scream : 指因恐具、快乐或痛苦而发出的尖叫声。
- A spider landed on her pillow and she screamed.
一只蜘蛛爬上了她的枕头，她惊叫起来。 - Through the smoke, the rescuers could hear people screaming for help.
透过烟雾，救援者可以听见人们在喊救命。 - He was screaming in/with pain and begging for anaesthetic.
他疼得直叫，哀求用麻醉药。 - They screamed with laughter at her jokes.
听了她的笑话，他们大笑了起来。 - Ken screamed (out) a warning telling people to get out of the way.
肯大叫着警告人们别挡路。 - Mrs Brown screamed (= shouted angrily) at Joel for dropping the test-tube.
布朗太太生气地冲乔尔大喊大叫，因为他把试管摔破了。 - I've never found screaming (and shouting) (= shouting angrily) at my staff to be very effective.
我从来都认为冲着员工大喊大叫是没有什么用的。 - "I wish you were dead!" she screamed (= shouted angrily).
“我巴不得你去死！”她愤怒地叫道。 - I tried to apologize, but he just screamed abuse/obscenities at me.
我想道歉，但他却冲我破口大骂。
shriek : 指因惊恐、痛苦等或其它感情而发出比scream更为尖锐、刺耳的叫声。
- We shrieked with laughter when we realized how stupid we'd been.
意识到自己有多愚蠢时，我们大笑了起来。 - I tried to apologize, but he just shrieked abuse at me.
我想道歉，但他却冲着我高声辱骂。 - "Don't you dare do that ever again!" she shrieked.
“你以后再那样做试试！”她尖声嚷道。
yell : 多指求援、鼓励时的呼叫。也可指因外界因素刺激而发出尖厉声音。
- Our neighbours were yelling (obscenities) at each other this morning.
今天早晨我们的邻居在互相破口大骂。 - The child yelled out in pain.
孩子痛得大叫起来。 - "Just get out of here!" she yelled.
“滚出去！”她大吼道。
call : 指大声说话或喊叫，以引起某人的注意。
- Someone in the crowd called (out) his name.
人群中有人大声叫（出）他的名字。 - Did you call?
是你在叫吗？ - "Hey, you! Come over here!" she called.
“嗨，你！到这儿来！”她叫道。 - The blackbird called to its mate.
乌鸫呼唤它的配偶。
