区别辨析bad、evil、ill、poor与wicked

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这些形容词均含“坏的”之意。

bad : 含义广泛,指任何不好的或不合需要的品质。

  • Our holiday was spoiled by bad weather.
    我们的假期全被坏天气给破坏了。
  • We've just had some very bad news.
    我们刚刚得到了一些很不好的消息。
  • I had a very bad night (= did not sleep well) last night.
    我昨晚没有睡好。
  • Watch out - he's in a bad mood (= being unpleasant to everyone).
    小心——他心情不好。
  • She's just a bad loser (= she is unpleasant when she loses).
    她这人输不起。
  • The company has been getting a lot of bad publicity (= negative things have been written or said about it) recently.
    该公司最近在媒体上的负面新闻很多。

evil : 语气比bad强,强调道德上的邪恶不良,含狡猾凶险或危害他人的意味。

  • an evil dictator
    邪恶的独裁者
  • These people are just evil.
    这些人太恶毒了。

ill与evil意义接近,但语气弱一些,常指道德或性质方面的不良。

  • ill health
    糟糕的健康状况
  • Did you experience any ill effects from the treatment?
    你感到治疗有什么副作用吗?

poor : 普通用词,侧重指事物的质量或数量低于标准或不合要求。用于指天气与食品时可与bad通用。

  • a poor harvest
    歉收
  • Last year's exam results were fairly poor.
    去年的考试成绩相当差。
  • I was always very poor at maths at school.
    我上学时数学一直很差。
  • Dad had been in poor health for several years.
    爸爸几年来健康状况一直很差。
  • At last month's meeting, attendance was poor.
    上个月的会议出席率很低。

wicked : 语气比evil强,指居心叵测,任意违反道德标准,有意作恶。

  • It was a wicked thing to do.
    那是件缺德的事。
  • Of course, in the end, the wicked witch gets killed.
    当然,最后邪恶的巫婆被杀掉了。